#### Health and the environment at the heart of climate issues

The 27ᵉ edition of FACTS Report, focuses on the profound links between **human health, the environment and climate change**. Through an interdisciplinary approach, it explores the health challenges posed by climate disruption, while proposing concrete solutions for anticipating, adapting and taking action.

To meet these challenges, the edition proposes a series of solutions. It emphasizes the “**One Health”** approach, which sees human, animal and environmental health as interdependent. Strategies such as creating resilient cities, rehabilitating ecosystems or even eco-therapy are explored to improve quality of life and mitigate climate impacts.



 

 

 



### Discover:

- [The Foreword](https://www.institut.veolia.org/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/document/2025/01/VEOLIA_FACTS_27_2025_GB_WEB_AVANT-PROPOS.pdf) by **Philippe Kourilsky**, Professor Emeritus at the Collège de France, Honorary Director General of the Institut Pasteur and Member of the Institut Veolia Foresight Committee
- [Introduction](https://www.institut.veolia.org/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/document/2025/01/VEOLIA_FACTS_27_2025_GB_WEB_INTRODUCTION.pdf) by **Nicolas Renard**, Executive Director of the Veolia Institute
- The [decryption](https://www.institut.veolia.org/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/document/2025/01/VEOLIA_FACTS_27_2025_GB_WEB_DECRYPTAGE.pdf) by **Harvey V. Fineberg,** President of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and member of the Veolia Institute's Foresight Committee
- The [conclusion](https://www.institut.veolia.org/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/document/2025/01/VEOLIA_FACTS_27_2025_GB_WEB_CONCLUSION.pdf) by **Cedric Baecher**, Partner at Wavestone

[READ THE FULL PDF OF THE REVIEW](https://www.institut.veolia.org/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/document/2025/01/VEOLIA_FACTS%20REPORTS_IMPACT%20SANTE_2025_GB_Web%20%281%29.pdf)

 



 

 

 



 

 

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### 1. Direct threats to human health as a consequence of the climate emergency



 

 

 



In 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic reminded us of the vulnerability of our health, described by Plato as our “first good”. In revealing our interdependencies and highlighting how every aspect of our existence is linked to others, the pandemic gave us a renewed perspective on the history of a civilization whose development has always been marked by public health calamities. It took this crisis for health to once again become a shared concern. Too long seen as a personal matter, it is now viewed as a collective and public issue, global in nature.



 

 

 



 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_1830065513.jpg.webp?itok=-5C4EKWw)   



 ](/en/understanding-anticipating-and-managing-health-risks-linked-climate-migration "Understanding, anticipating and managing health risks linked  to climate migration") 

 THREATS 

 [Understanding, anticipating and managing health risks linked to climate migration](/en/understanding-anticipating-and-managing-health-risks-linked-climate-migration "Understanding, anticipating and managing health risks linked  to climate migration") 

 François Gemenne  
 Political scientist and researcher, specialist in climate policies and internationalNand lead author for the 6th Assessment Report of the IPCC 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/understanding-anticipating-and-managing-health-risks-linked-climate-migration "Read more") 





 

 



 

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 ](/en/environmental-health-climate-change-and-equity-understanding-geographic-vulnerabilities "Environmental health, climate change, and equity: Understanding geographic vulnerabilities") 

 THREATS 

 [Environmental health, climate change, and equity: Understanding geographic vulnerabilities](/en/environmental-health-climate-change-and-equity-understanding-geographic-vulnerabilities "Environmental health, climate change, and equity: Understanding geographic vulnerabilities") 

 -Gina Solomon: Chief of the Occupational, Environmental and Climate Medicine (OECM), Division at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF),  
 -Matthew Gribble: Associate Chief for Research in Occupational, Environmental and Climate Medicine (OECM) at UCSF,  
 -Sheri Weiser: Professor of Medicine at UCSF, co-founding Director of the University of California Center for Climate,Health and Equity 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/environmental-health-climate-change-and-equity-understanding-geographic-vulnerabilities "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2365868983.jpg.webp?itok=qp9_tSPT)   



 ](/en/can-human-body-cope-extreme-heat-changing-climate "Can the human body cope with extreme heat in a changing climate?") 

 THREATS 

 [Can the human body cope with extreme heat in a changing climate?](/en/can-human-body-cope-extreme-heat-changing-climate "Can the human body cope with extreme heat in a changing climate?") 

 Pieter Vancamp  
 Neurobiologist and physiology specialist affiliated with the French Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE) 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/can-human-body-cope-extreme-heat-changing-climate "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2524090993.jpg.webp?itok=_d84aeTU)   



 ](/en/bridging-gaps-integrating-gender-climate-responsive-disaster-risk-management "Bridging gaps:  Integrating gender into climate-responsive Disaster Risk Management") 

 THREATS 

 [Bridging gaps: Integrating gender into climate-responsive Disaster Risk Management](/en/bridging-gaps-integrating-gender-climate-responsive-disaster-risk-management "Bridging gaps:  Integrating gender into climate-responsive Disaster Risk Management") 

 Virginia Murray  
 Head of Global Disaster Risk Reduction, UK Health Security Agency 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/bridging-gaps-integrating-gender-climate-responsive-disaster-risk-management "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2346585437.jpg.webp?itok=X2XDuiWj)   



 ](/en/climate-change-and-occupational-health-escalating-risks-and-prevention-strategies "Climate change and occupational health: Escalating risks and prevention strategies") 

 THREATS 

 [Climate change and occupational health: Escalating risks and prevention strategies](/en/climate-change-and-occupational-health-escalating-risks-and-prevention-strategies "Climate change and occupational health: Escalating risks and prevention strategies") 

 Cyril Cosme  
 Director of the French office of the International Labour Organization (ILO) 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/climate-change-and-occupational-health-escalating-risks-and-prevention-strategies "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/Photo%20Lammel%201.jpg.webp?itok=9oTZUixl)   



 ](/en/environmental-crises-and-climate-change-eco-anxiety-among-young-people-and-urgent-need "Environmental crises and climate change: Eco-anxiety among young people  and the urgent need for a transformative response") 

 THREATS 

 [Environmental crises and climate change: Eco-anxiety among young people and the urgent need for a transformative response](/en/environmental-crises-and-climate-change-eco-anxiety-among-young-people-and-urgent-need "Environmental crises and climate change: Eco-anxiety among young people  and the urgent need for a transformative response") 

 Annamaria Lammel  
 Emeritus professor of developmental cognitive psychology at Paris 8 University and Research Director at Paragraphe Laboratory 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/environmental-crises-and-climate-change-eco-anxiety-among-young-people-and-urgent-need "Read more") 





 

 



 

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 ](/en/ecotherapy-rebuild-bonds-living-world "Ecotherapy to rebuild bonds with the living world") 

 THREATS 

 [Ecotherapy to rebuild bonds with the living world](/en/ecotherapy-rebuild-bonds-living-world "Ecotherapy to rebuild bonds with the living world") 

 Bruno Rousseau  
 Gestalt therapist, coach, and supervisor 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/ecotherapy-rebuild-bonds-living-world "Read more") 





 

 



 

 

 





### 2. Natural ecosystems altered and damaged by climate change: a threat to human health 



 

 

 



Humans, animals and ecosystems all share “one health”. One Health is an integrated, unified approach that invites us to thinkabout health in a new way, recognizing the close interactions between the health of humans, animals and ecosystems. At a time when nearly a quarter of deaths and illnesses worldwide are a consequence of poor environmental conditions, it is clearly vital to acknowledge that human health can only flourish if the other two pillars are preserved. We need to protect them so we can safeguard our life on earth.



 

 

 



 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2497668267.jpg.webp?itok=rddMYEnV)   



 ](/en/spillover-climate-change-pandemics "Spillover: From climate change to pandemics") 

 DEGRADATION 

 [Spillover: From climate change to pandemics](/en/spillover-climate-change-pandemics "Spillover: From climate change to pandemics") 

 Mary E. Wilson  
 Clinical Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at the School of Medicine of the University of California, San Francisco,  
 and Adjunct Professor of Global Health and Population of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/spillover-climate-change-pandemics "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/OceanImageBank_TheOceanAgency_BeforeAfter_01.jpg.webp?itok=H7fBH4aC)   



 ](/en/ocean-danger-climate-challenges-and-sustainable-solutions "Ocean in danger: Climate challenges and sustainable solutions") 

 DEGRADATION 

 [Ocean in danger: Climate challenges and sustainable solutions](/en/ocean-danger-climate-challenges-and-sustainable-solutions "Ocean in danger: Climate challenges and sustainable solutions") 

 Françoise Gaill  
 Biologist, oceanographer, Vice-President of the Ocean & Climate Platform  
 and heads the CNRS-hosted Ocean Sustainability Foundation 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/ocean-danger-climate-challenges-and-sustainable-solutions "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2266044147.jpg.webp?itok=0XoNSTdZ)   



 ](/en/climate-change-and-food-systems-interactions-ensuring-resilient-and-healthy-diets "Climate change and food systems interactions: Ensuring resilient and healthy diets") 

 DEGRADATION 

 [Climate change and food systems interactions: Ensuring resilient and healthy diets](/en/climate-change-and-food-systems-interactions-ensuring-resilient-and-healthy-diets "Climate change and food systems interactions: Ensuring resilient and healthy diets") 

 -Jessica Fanzo, Professor of Climate and Director of the Food for Humanity Initiative, Columbia Climate School  
 -Alison Rose, Senior Program Manager, Food for Humanity Initiative, Columbia Climate School 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/climate-change-and-food-systems-interactions-ensuring-resilient-and-healthy-diets "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2379069381.jpg.webp?itok=syB__8C_)   



 ](/en/climate-change-and-resurgence-waterborne-diseases-focus-sub-saharan-africa "Climate change and the resurgence  of waterborne diseases: Focus on Sub-Saharan Africa") 

 DEGRADATION 

 [Climate change and the resurgence of waterborne diseases: Focus on Sub-Saharan Africa](/en/climate-change-and-resurgence-waterborne-diseases-focus-sub-saharan-africa "Climate change and the resurgence  of waterborne diseases: Focus on Sub-Saharan Africa") 

 -Sandy Moore, Infectious Disease Epidemiology Consultant, PhD  
 -Rita Colwell, Environmental microbiologist, Distinguished University Professor at University of Maryland 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/climate-change-and-resurgence-waterborne-diseases-focus-sub-saharan-africa "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2464352119.jpg.webp?itok=64Up-Rnk)   



 ](/en/tackling-effects-atmospheric-dust-hazard-human-health "Tackling the effects of atmospheric dust hazard on human health") 

 DEGRADATION 

 [Tackling the effects of atmospheric dust hazard on human health](/en/tackling-effects-atmospheric-dust-hazard-human-health "Tackling the effects of atmospheric dust hazard on human health") 

 Emmanouil Proestakis  
 Postdoctoral researcher at the Remote sensing of Aerosols, Clouds and Trace gases (ReACT) research unit of the National Observatory of Athens (NOA) and AXA Research Fund fellow 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/tackling-effects-atmospheric-dust-hazard-human-health "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2505947169.jpg.webp?itok=544Ungwg)   



 ](/en/climate-change-and-water-resources-excess-shortage-and-pollution "Climate change and water resources: Excess, shortage, and pollution") 

 DEGRADATION 

 [Climate change and water resources: Excess, shortage, and pollution](/en/climate-change-and-water-resources-excess-shortage-and-pollution "Climate change and water resources: Excess, shortage, and pollution") 

 Franck Galland  
 CEO at Environmental Emergency & Security Services 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/climate-change-and-water-resources-excess-shortage-and-pollution "Read more") 





 

 



 

 

 





### 3. The impacts of climate change on societies and organizations: adaptations to protect health



 

 

 



Organizational resilience has become vital in the face of climate change and its effects on human health and the environment. It is defined as “the capacity of a certain organization to maintain a state of dynamic stability, which allows it to continue its operations during and after a major incident or in the presence of a major stress.” To develop this capacity, societies and organizations have to tackle four types of challenges: cognitive, by accepting change; strategic, by imagining new options; political, by channeling resources to tomorrow’s activities, and ideological, by promoting a proactive search for opportunities.



 

 

 



 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_1790670800.jpg.webp?itok=5DVYPnx5)   



 ](/en/health-new-horizon-desirable-future "Health, the new horizon for a desirable future") 

 ADAPTATION 

 [Health, the new horizon for a desirable future](/en/health-new-horizon-desirable-future "Health, the new horizon for a desirable future") 

 Laurence Bedeau  
 Associate director of ELABE, a research consultancy specializing in communications strategy 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/health-new-horizon-desirable-future "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2506802321%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=9QjszFAb)   



 ](/en/ensuring-resilience-health-systems-face-effects-climate-change "Ensuring the resilience of health systems in the face of the effects of climate change") 

 ADAPTATION 

 [Ensuring the resilience of health systems in the face of the effects of climate change](/en/ensuring-resilience-health-systems-face-effects-climate-change "Ensuring the resilience of health systems in the face of the effects of climate change") 

 Sandrine Bouttier-Stref  
 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Director of the Sanofi Group 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/ensuring-resilience-health-systems-face-effects-climate-change "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2180203967.jpg.webp?itok=vjEVoBjC)   



 ](/en/developing-indoor-heat-health-warning-systems-vulnerable-populations "Developing indoor heat-health  warning systems  for vulnerable populations") 

 ADAPTATION 

 [Developing indoor heat-health warning systems for vulnerable populations](/en/developing-indoor-heat-health-warning-systems-vulnerable-populations "Developing indoor heat-health  warning systems  for vulnerable populations") 

 -Choo-Yoon Yi, Building Physics and Liveability researcher and AXA Research Fund Fellow  
 -Chengzhi Peng, Senior Lecturer and Director of Postgraduate Research at Sheffield School of Architecture 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/developing-indoor-heat-health-warning-systems-vulnerable-populations "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_1434284270.jpg.webp?itok=NUZtWtiL)   



 ](/en/healthy-climate-resilient-urban-environments-evidence-action "Healthy, climate resilient urban environments:  Evidence to action") 

 ADAPTATION 

 [Healthy, climate resilient urban environments: Evidence to action](/en/healthy-climate-resilient-urban-environments-evidence-action "Healthy, climate resilient urban environments:  Evidence to action") 

 Melanie Lowe  
 Vice-Chancellor’s Senior Research Fellow in the Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Australia and AXA Research Fund fellow 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/healthy-climate-resilient-urban-environments-evidence-action "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/Article%2019.jpg.webp?itok=EH62hQQ_)   



 ](/en/building-climate-resilience-indonesia-role-cool-roofs "Building climate resilience  in Indonesia: The role of cool roofs") 

 ADAPTATION 

 [Building climate resilience in Indonesia: The role of cool roofs](/en/building-climate-resilience-indonesia-role-cool-roofs "Building climate resilience  in Indonesia: The role of cool roofs") 

 Beta Paramita  
 Associate Professor in the Architecture Department at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/building-climate-resilience-indonesia-role-cool-roofs "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/shutterstock_2316040845.jpg.webp?itok=31yDJozs)   



 ](/en/insuring-new-climate-risks-affect-health "Insuring new climate risks that affect health") 

 ADAPTATION 

 [Insuring new climate risks that affect health](/en/insuring-new-climate-risks-affect-health "Insuring new climate risks that affect health") 

 -Françoise Gilles, Chief Risk Officer of the AXA group  
 -Julia d’Astorg, Director of the AXA Research Fund 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/insuring-new-climate-risks-affect-health "Read more") 





 

 



 

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 ](/en/imagining-future-prison-administration-response-climate-emergency "Imagining the future  of prison administration in response  to the climate emergency") 

 ADAPTATION 

 [Imagining the future of prison administration in response to the climate emergency](/en/imagining-future-prison-administration-response-climate-emergency "Imagining the future  of prison administration in response  to the climate emergency") 

 -Julien Sipra, Head of the Ecological Transformation Section at the Laboratory for Sustainable Development, Innovation, and Best Practices of the Directorate of French Prison Administration  
 - Anouk Mousset, Project leader for future studies and ecological transformation at the Laboratory for Sustainable Development, Innovation, and Best Practices of the Directorate of French Prison Administration 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/imagining-future-prison-administration-response-climate-emergency "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/S%C3%A9cheresse-Veolia.jpg.webp?itok=x6O7HBS_)   



 ](/en/water-services-and-climate-change-winning-innovations-delivering-greater-resilience "Water services and climate change:  Winning innovations delivering greater resilience") 

 ADAPTATION 

 [Water services and climate change: Winning innovations delivering greater resilience](/en/water-services-and-climate-change-winning-innovations-delivering-greater-resilience "Water services and climate change:  Winning innovations delivering greater resilience") 

 -Geneviève Leboucher, Senior Vice President, Municipal Water at Veolia  
 -Sandrine Oberti, Director of Scientific Valorization – DEST (Veolia Research & Innovation) 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/water-services-and-climate-change-winning-innovations-delivering-greater-resilience "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/Leko_FaceAvant-gigapixel-standard%20v2-2x%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=3GIZVrT0)   



 ](/en/leko-monitoring-sounds-assess-and-track-ecosystem-health "LEKO: Monitoring sounds to assess and track ecosystem health") 

 ADAPTATION 

 [LEKO: Monitoring sounds to assess and track ecosystem health](/en/leko-monitoring-sounds-assess-and-track-ecosystem-health "LEKO: Monitoring sounds to assess and track ecosystem health") 

 -Marie Maurel, Head of Water and Biodiversity Activities – BIRDZ  
 -Sandrine Oberti, Director of Scientific Valorization – DEST (Veolia Research & Innovation) 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/leko-monitoring-sounds-assess-and-track-ecosystem-health "Read more") 





 

 



 

 [   ![](/sites/g/files/dvc2551/files/styles/content_push_teaser/public/image/2025/01/Lalit%20Gautam_visu1.jpg.webp?itok=0hz-lVjd)   



 ](/en/making-ai-ally-sustainable-agriculture-face-climate-change "Making AI an ally  for sustainable agriculture in the face of climate change") 

 ADAPTATION 

 [Making AI an ally for sustainable agriculture in the face of climate change](/en/making-ai-ally-sustainable-agriculture-face-climate-change "Making AI an ally  for sustainable agriculture in the face of climate change") 

 Lalit Gautam  
 CEO and Founder of SenseGrass 

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 [Read more](/en/making-ai-ally-sustainable-agriculture-face-climate-change "Read more")